Static VAR compensator Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
Transmission lines both generate and absorb reactive power. A large quantity of reactive power in the system leads to a lot of wasted power, therefor an effort is made to minimize it. Since the transmitted load varies continually with demand, this causes the reactive power balance of the line to vary as well. In order to continuously control dynamic power swings under various loading conditions a Static VAr Compensator (SVC) is used, at a smaller scale (domestic and small industry) it also known as power factor correction.In practice a static var compensator consits of a bank of binary (Xc = 1,2,4,8,16..) configured capacitors which are switched in and out as necessary to give a range of values. The more capacitors that are switched in the more reactive VAr's produced.
Dynamic VAr compensation is more complex and uses complex logic, binary switched capacitors and a smoothly variable inductance, to continiously adjust to the network requirements.
VAR is short for Volt-Ampere-Reactive.
The main reasons for incorporating SVC in transmission and distribution systems are:
- Stabilizing voltage in weak systems
- Reducing transmission losses
- Increasing the transmission capacity, thus delaying the need for new lines
- Increasing stability for transient disturbances
- Increasing damping of small disturbances
- Improving voltage control and stability
- Damping power swings
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