Rulers and Heads of State of Ethiopia Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
List of Rulers and Heads of State of Ethiopia
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Zagwe Dynasty | ||
| 916 to 919 | Mara Takla Haymanot | |
| 919 to 959 | Tatadim | |
| 959 to 999 | Jan Seyum | |
| 999 to 1039 | Germa Seyum | |
| 1039 to 1079 (or 1133 to 1172) | Yemrehana Krestos | |
| 1079 to 1119 | Kedus Harbe | |
| 1119 to 1159 (or 1172 to 1212 or c1185 to 1225) | Gebra Maskal Lalibela (Gebral Maskal Lalibela / Lallebella) | Exiled. Restored by Knights Templar |
| 1159 to 1207 | Na’akueto La’ab | |
| 1207 to 1247 (or 1212 to 1260) | Yetbarak (Yitbarek) | |
| 1247 to 1262 (or 1117 to 1133) | Mairari | |
| 1262 to 1270 | Harbai | |
| Solomonid Dynasty | ||
| 1270 to 1285 | Tasfa Iyasus (Tasfa Jesus)''' Yekuno Amlak | |
| 1285 to 1294 | Salomon (Solomon I) | |
| 1294 to 1295 | Senfa Ared IV | |
| 1295 to 1296 | Hezba Asgad | |
| 1296 to 1297 | Qedma Asgad | |
| 1297 to 1298 | Jin Asgad | |
| 1298 to 1299 | Saba Asgad | |
| 1299 to 1314 | Wedem Arad | |
| 1314 to 1344 | Amda Seyon | |
| 1344 to 1372 | Newaya Krestos | |
| 1372 to 1382 | Newaya Maryam | |
| 1382 to 1411 | Dawit (David I) | |
| 1411 to 1414 | Tewodros (Theodore)''' | |
| 1414 to 1429 | Isaac | |
| 1429 to 1430 | Andrew | |
| 1430 to 1433 | Takla Maryam | |
| 1433 to 1433 | Sarwe Iyasu (Sarwe Jesus) | |
| 1433 to 1434 | Amda Iyasu (Amda Jesus) | |
| 1434 to 1468 | Constantine Zara Yakob | |
| 1468 to 1478 | Baeda Maryam | |
| 1478 to 1494 | Constantine II | |
| 1494 to 1494 | Amda Seyon II | |
| 1494 to 1508 | Na'od I Lebna Dengel | |
| 1508 to 1540 | Dawit II (David II) | |
| 1540 to 1560 | Gelawdewos (Claudius) | |
| 1560 to 1564 | Menas | |
| 1564 to 1597 | Sarsa Dengel | |
| 1597 to 1603 | Yakob (Jacob) | |
| 1603 to 1604 | Za Dengel | |
| 1604 to 1607 | Yakob (Jacob) | Restored |
| 1607 to 1632 | Sissinios | |
| 1632 to 1667 | Basilides | |
| 1667 to 1682 | Yohannes II (John I) | |
| 19 July 1682 to 13 October 1706 | Iyasu Yohannes (Jesus the Great) | |
| 1685 to 1685 | Yeshaq Iyasu ? | In opposition |
| 27 March 1706 to 13 October 1706 | Tekle Haymanot I Iyasu | In opposition |
| 13 October 1706 to 30 June 1708 | Tekle Haymanot I Iyasu | |
| September 1707 to September 1707 | Amda Seyon | In opposition |
| 30 June 1708 to 1 July 1708 | Na’od II Tekle Haymanot | |
| 1 July 1708 to 14 October 1711 | Tewoflos Yohannes (Theophilus) | |
| 1709 to July 1710 | Nebahne Yohannes | In opposition |
| separate dynasty | ||
| 14 October 1711 to 19 February 1716 | Yostos Delba Iyasu (Justus) | |
| Solomonid Dynasty | ||
| 8 February 1716 to 19 February 1716 | Dawit III Iyasu | In opposition |
| 19 February 1716 to 18 May 1721 | Dawit III Iyasu (David III) | |
| 18 May 1721 to 21 May 1721 | Walda Giyorgis Iyasu | |
| 21 May 1721 to 19 September 1730 | Asma Giyorgis Iyasu | |
| 19 September 1730 to 26 June 1755 | Iyasu II Asma Giyorgis (Jesus II) | |
| 1736 to 1737 | Hezqeyas | In opposition |
| 26 June 1755 to 7 May 1769 | Iyoas Iyasu (Joas) | |
| 7 May 1769 to 18 October 1769 | Yohannes II Iyasu (John II) | |
| 18 October 1769 to June 1770 | Tekle Haymanot II Yohannes | |
| June 1770 to December 1770 | Susenyos II Iyasu ? | |
| 18 October 1769 to 13 April 1777 | Tekle Haymanot II Yohannes | Restored |
| 13 April 1777 to 20 July 1779 | Salomon II Adigo (Solomon II) | |
| 20 July 1779 to 8 February 1784 | Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes | |
| 16 February 1784 to 24 April 1788 | Iyasu III Azequ (Jesus III) | |
| 1787 to 1788 | Iyasu | In opposition |
| 1787 to 1788 | Be’ede Mariam | In opposition |
| February 1788 to 1789 | Tekle Haymanot | In opposition |
| 24 April 1788 to 26 July 1789 | Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes | Restored |
| 26 July 1789 to January 1794 | Hezqeyas Iyasu (Hezekiah) | |
| January 1794 to 15 April 1795 | Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes | Restored |
| 15 April to December 1795 | Be’ede Mariam III Salomon | |
| December 1795 to 20 May 1796 | Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes | Restored |
| 20 May 1796 to 15 July 1797 | Salomon III Tekle Haymanot (Solomon III) | |
| 18 August 1797 to 4 January 1798 | Yonas Letezum (Jonah) | |
| 4 January 1798 to 20 May 1799 | Tekle Giyorgis Yohannes | Restored |
| 20 May 1799 to 1799 | Salomon III Tekle Haymanot (Solomon III) | Restored |
| 1799 to 24 March 1800 | Demetros Arqedewos (Demetrius) | |
| 24 March to June 1800 | Tekle Giyorgis Tekle Haymanot | Restored |
| June 1800 to June 1801 | Demetros | |
| June 1801 to 3 June 1818 | Egwale Seyon Hezqeyas | |
| 19 June 1818 to 3 June 1821 | Iyoas II Hezqeyas (Joas II) | |
| 3 June 1821 to April 1826 | Gigar Iyasu | |
| April 1826 | Be’ede Mariam IV | |
| April 1826 to 18 June 1830 | Gigar Iyasu | Restored |
| 18 June 1830 to 18 March 1832 | Iyasu IV Salomon (Jesus IV) | |
| 18 March 1832 to 1832 | Gebre Krestos Gebre Mesay | |
| 1832 to 1832 | Sahla Dengel Gebre Mesay | |
| 1832 to 8 June 1832 | Gebre Krestos Gebre Mesay | Restored |
| October 1832 to 29 August 1840 | Sahla Dengel Gebre Mesay | Restored |
| 1832 to 1832 | Egwale Anbesa | In rebellion |
| 30 August 1840 to October 1841 | Yohannes III Tekle Giyorgis (John III) | |
| October 1841 to 1845 | Sahla Dengel Gebre Mesay | Restored |
| 1845 to 1845 | Yohannes III Tekle Giyorgis (John III) | Restored |
| 1845 to 1850 | Sahle Dengel Gebre Mesay | Restored |
| 1850 to 1851 | Yohannes III Tekle Giyorgis (John III) | Restored |
| 1851 to 11 February 1855 | Sahle Dengel Gebre Mesay | Restored |
| 1851 to 29 June 1853 | Ali Alula | Usurper |
| July 1853 to 9 February 1855 | Webe Haile Mariam | Usurper |
| Tewodros Dynasty | ||
| 9 February 1855 to 13 April 1868 | Tewodros II (Theodore II) | |
| Zagwe Dynasty | ||
| 11 June 1868 to 11 July 1871 | Tekle Giyorgis II (George II) | |
| 1868 to 15 November 1868 | Menelik II | In rebellion |
| Tigray Dynasty | ||
| 11 July 1871 to 9 March 1889 | Yohannes IV (John IV) | |
| Solomonid Dynasty | ||
| 9 March 1889 to 12 December 1913 | Menelik II | |
| 1910 to 1910 | Etege T’aytu Bet’ul, Regent | ♀ For Menelik II |
| 1910 to 1911 | Ras Tesemma, Regent | For Menelik II |
| 1912 to 1913 | Lij Iyasu, Regent | For Menelik II |
| 12 December 1913 to 27 September 1916 | Iyasu V (Iyasu V) | Deposed by nobles with the sanction of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church |
| 27 September 1916 to 2 April 1930 | Zauditu, Empress | ♀ |
| 1916 to 1928 | Ras Tafari, Regent and Crown Prince | For Zauditu; Tafari Makonnen |
| 1928 to 1930 | Ras Tafari, Negus | For Zauditu; later Emperor Haile Selassie |
| 2 April 1930 to 2 May 1936 | His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie, Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah, Elect of God, King of Kings of Ethiopia | previously named Ras Tafari; crowned 2 November 1930 |
| 9 May 1936 to 5 May 1941 | Victor Emmanuel III of Italy | |
| 5 May 1941 to 12 September 1974 | His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie, Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah, Elect of God, King of Kings of Ethiopia | Restored; deposed |
| 12 September 1974 to 12 September 1974 | Asfa Wossen | Emperor-designate, did not take office |