Quantum electrochemistry Details, Meaning Quantum electrochemistry Article and Explanation Guide

Quantum electrochemistry Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description

The scientific school of Quantum Electrochemistry was founded in the 1960s by Revaz Dogonadze and others. Quantum Electrochemistry is a new scientific direction of Theoretical Physical Chemistry on Quantum Mechanical aspects of Electrochemistry. Works of Dogonadze constitute also a considerable part of the new science that lies at the border of Electrochemistry and Physics, i.e., Electrochemical Physics.

Dogonadze was the first to view a chemical electron-transfer process in a similar way, i.e. as a quantum-mechanical transition between two separate electronic states, induced by weak electrostatic interactions between the molecular entities represented by the states (1959-1961). In the 1960s-1970s he managed a group in the Theoretical Department of the Moscow Institute of Electrochemistry of the Academy of Sciences of former Soviet Union (now Russian Academy of Science). Students from the Moscow State University and the Moscow Physics-Engineering Institute, with which Dogonadze had become associated in 1969, increasingly gathered around him, and foreign scientists became attracted to him. Some pupils of Dogonadze are today internationally known scientists. Work of this group through the 1970s dealt with the relation between electron transfer and other condensed phase electronic processes such as light absorption; it dealt with processes involving three rather than two electronic levels, with low-temperature processes and with particular features characteristic of biological processes. These investigations often involved new methods of theoretical physics.

The first quantum-mechanical model of proton transfer in polar solvents taking into account the dynamic role of the polar solvent was suggested by Dogonadze and his pupils in 1967. In the 1970s-1980s was created a well-known Quantum-Mechanical Theory of Kinetics of the Elementary Act of Chemical, Electrochemical and Biochemical Processes in Polar Liquids. The Quantum-Mechanical Theory of Kinetiks of Atomic-Molecular Transformation in Condensed Media was developed by Dogonadze, Kuznetsov, Ulstrup, Zaqaraya and Marsagishvili (1973-1979).

In 1971 Dogonadze, Kirkov, Ulstrup and others founded the International Summer School on Quantum Mechanical Aspects of Electrochemistry (Ohrid, Jugoslavia).

In 1984 Dogonadze was a main organizer of the International Conference "Electrodynamics and Quantum Phenomena at Interfaces" (October 1-6, 1984, Telavi, Georgia).

Authors of important works in the field of Quantum Electrochemistry are also Rudolph A. Marcus (USA), R.P. Bell (United Kingdom), J.O'M. Bockris (USA), N.S. Hush (United Kingdom), Roger Parsons (United Kingdom), Klaus von Klitzing (Germany), Jens Ulstrup (Denmark), Wolfgang Schmickler (Germany), J.W. Schultze (Germany), Pancho Kirkov (Jugoslavia), Peter Schmidt (USA), Joshua Jortner (USA), Sydney G. Davison (Canada), Alexander Kuznetsov (Russia), Lev Krishtalik (Russia), Yuri Chizmadzhev (Russia), V.G. Levich (Russia, USA), Tamaz Marsagishvili (Georgia), Merab Zaqaraya (Georgia), Zurab Urushadze (Georgia) and others.

In 1992 Marcus received Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the Theory of Electron Transfer Reactions in Chemical Systems.

Main centers in Quantum Electrochemistry are: Theoretical Department of the Frumkin Institute of Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Science (Moscow), Chemistry Department of the Technical University of Denmark (Lyngby), the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the University of Bonn (Germany), the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the University of Dusseldorf (Germany), the Dogonadze Department of Theoretical Investigations of the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Georgian Academy of Sciences (Tbilisi), the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (Lvov), the Quantum Theory Group of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics of the University of Waterloo (Canada), etc.