Peering Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
Peering is the practice of exchanging Internet traffic with peers. It involves three elements:- the physical interconnection of the networks,
- technical liaison between the networks to allow exchange of routes, and
- the commercial and contractual peering agreements.
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2 Types of peering agreements 3 See also |
In the early days of the Internet, a single backbone network existed in the form of first the ARPANET and later the NSFNET. All other networkss connected with one another via the Internet backbone, and routing information was conveyed between the backbone and the other networks via the Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP).
The modern Internet no longer has a single backbone in the traditional sense. Rather, it has many backbones, consisting of the individuals backbones of various commercial ISPs and private networks. They are all connected at many different peering points. Their operations all rely upon the Border gateway protocol (BGP) which allows them to coordinate the operation of the Internet without the need for any central authority.
The act of peering can be done as:
Providers with smaller traffic tend to converge at Internet exchange points, which provides them with a commercially neutral venue for peering.
Peering as a customer-provider relationship is most common at the bottom tiers of the Internet business. The latter is not a true peering relationship; rather, the customer pays for transit via their upstream ISP.History of peering
Types of peering agreements
Providers with large traffic volumes, often known as Tier 1 carriers, tend to peer without charge with other large providers, and charge for peering with smaller ISPs.