Mount Wilson Observatory Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
The Mount Wilson Observatory is an astronomical observatory. It is located on Mount Wilson a peak in the San Gabriel mountains near Pasadena, California, to the east of Los Angeles. It was first directed by George Ellery Hale, who brought a telescope from the Yerkes Observatory. The Mount Wilson Solar Observatory was first funded by the Carnegie Institution of Washington, in 1904.Its equipment includes 100 inches (2.5 m) and 60 inches (1.50 m) reflecting telescopes. The 60-inch telescope was completed in 1908.
100-inch telescope at Mount Wilson
John D. Hooker funded the optical blank for the 100-inch telescope, which was completed in 1917. The Hooker telescope was the instrument which Edwin Hubble used to monitor the Cepheid variable stars, which were his main evidence for the redshift.
The mirror, made of green glass, was poured in France by the French Glass Works Company Saint Gobain. From 1917 to 1948, the Hooker telescope was the largest in the world.
Eclipsed by Mount Palomar
The 200-inch telescope of the Caltech-Carnegie consortium was not constructed on Mount Wilson, but on Mount Palomar, 90 miles south, in San Diego County, using a Pyrex blank manufactured by Corning Glass works. This telescope saw 'first light' in 1949.
Today on Mount Wilson
Today, the activities at Mount Wilson observatory are maintained by a consortium of UCLA and USC, and include a 150-foot Solar tower telescope.
Inactive from 1986 to 1994, the 100-inch telescope saw 'second light' in 1992, and is now equipped with an adaptive optics system for higher performance.