List of state leaders in 1881 Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874-1883)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852-1908)
• Ethiopia - Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia (1871-1889)
• Liberia - Anthony William Gerdner, President of Liberia (1878-1883)
• Zanzibar - Barghash ibn Sa'id, Sultan of Zanzibar (1870-1888)

• Afghanistan - Abdur Rahman Khan, King of Afghanistan (1880-1901)
• China (Qing Dynasty) - Guangxu, Emperor of China (1875-1908)
• Japan - Mutsuhito, The Meiji Emperor (1867-1912)
• Oman - Turki bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1871-1888)

Europe

• Belgium - Leopold II, King of the Belgians (1865-1909)
• Bulgaria - Alexander I Joseph, King of Bulgaria (1879-1886)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863-1906)
  • Prime Minister - Jakob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup, Prime Minister of Denmark (1875-1894)
• France -
  • President - Jules Grévy, President of France (1879-1887)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jules Ferry, President of the Council (1880-1881)
    2. Léon Gambetta, President of the Council (1881-1882)
• Germany -
  • Monarch - Wilhelm I, German Emperor (1871-1888)
  • Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Germany (1871-1890)
• Italy
  • Monarch - Umberto I, King of Italy (1878-1900)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Benedetto Cairoli, Prime Minister of Italy (1879-1881)
    2. Agostino Depretis, Prime Minister of Italy (1881-1887)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
  • Prime Minister - Theo graaf van Lynden van Sandenburg, Former of the Cabinet (1879-1883)
• Portugal - Luis, King of Portugal (1861-1889)
• Russia -
  1. Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855-1881)
  2. Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (1881-1894)
• Spain -
  • Monarch - Alfonso XII, King of Spain (1874-1885)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Antonio Cánovas Del Castillo, Prime Minister of Spain (1874-1875, 1875-1879, 1879-1881, 1884-1885, 1890-1892, 1895-1897)
    2. Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, Prime Minister of Spain (1871-1872, 1874, 1881-1883, 1885-1890, 1892-1895, 1897-1899)
• Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden-Norway
  • Monarch - Oscar II, King of Sweden (1872-1907)
  • Prime Minister - Arvid Posse, Prime Minister of Sweden (1880-1883)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837-1901)
  • Prime Minister - William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868-1874, 1880-1885, 1886, 1892-1894)

• Canada -
  • Prime Minister - Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (1878-1891)
• United States -
  1. Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States (1877-1881)
  2. James A. Garfield, President of the United States (1881)
  3. Chester Arthur, President of the United States (1881-1885)

South America

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