List of historical national capitals Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
In this list are cities that once were national capitals, but now are not any more. That can be because the country ceased to exist, the capital moved, or the capital was renamed. Sorted on country and date. See also:- List of national capitals
- Former U.S. state capitals
- Extinct countries, empires, etc
- Countries by date of nationhood
| Former capital city | Country, empire | Since | Until | Change, reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vlorë | Albania | 1912 | 1920 | moved to Tirana |
| Melbourne | Australia | 1901 | 1927 | moved to Canberra; rivalry between Melbourne and Sydney led government to found neutral city of Canberra |
| St. George | Bermuda (Brit.) | 1815 | moved to Hamilton | |
| Salvador da Baía | Brazil (Portuguese) | 1763 | moved to Rio de Janeiro | |
| Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | 1960 | moved to Brasília | |
| Belize City | British Honduras | 1970 | moved to Belmopan | |
| Kingston | Canada | 1841 | 1843 | moved to Montreal |
| Montreal | Canada | 1843 | 1849 | moved to Toronto |
| Toronto | Canada | 1849 | 1859 | moved to Quebec City |
| Quebec City | Canada | 1859 | 1865 | moved to Ottawa |
| Chan Santa Cruz | Chan Santa Cruz | c.1852 | 1901 | became part of Mexico |
| Datong | China (Northern Wei Dynasty) | 493 | moved to Luoyang | |
| Nanjing | China (Ming Dynasty) | 15th century | moved to Beijing by Yongle | |
| Anyang | China see: Capital of China | |||
| Chang'an | ||||
| Chongqing City | ||||
| Hangzhou | ||||
| Hao | ||||
| Luoyang | ||||
| Léopoldville | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1960 | 1966 | renamed Kinshasa |
| Large-Bassam | Côte d'Ivoire | 1893 | 1900 | moved to Bingerville |
| Bingerville | Côte d'Ivoire | 1900 | 1933 | moved to Abidjan |
| Abidjan | Côte d'Ivoire | 1933 | 1983 | moved to Yamoussoukro |
| Ciudad Trujillo | Dominican Republic | 1930 | 1961 | renamed Santo Domingo after the death of Trujillo |
| Roskilde | Denmark | 10th century | 1443 | moved to Copenhagen |
| Turku | Finland (Grand Duchy) | 13th century | 1812 | moved to Helsinki |
| Memphis | Egypt | |||
| Lavuka | Fiji (Brit.) | moved to Suva | ||
| Berlin | German Empire | 1871 | 1949 | Separation of Germany to East and West Germany |
| East Berlin | East Germany | 1949 | 1990 | Berlin, country ceased to exist after re-unification of Germany |
| Bonn | West Germany | 1949 | 1990 | Berlin, country ceased to exist after re-unification of Germany |
| Cape Coast | Gold Coast (Brit.) | 1877 | moved to Accra | |
| Nafplion | Greece | 1821 | 1836 | moved to Athens |
| Lahaina | Hawaii (Hawaiian monarchy) | 1840 | moved to Honolulu | |
| Calcutta | India (British) | 1912 | moved to New Delhi | |
| Simla | India (British) | Summer capital | ||
| Torino | Italy, Kingdom of | 1861 | 1865 | moved to Florence |
| Florence | Italy, Kingdom of | 1865 | 1871 | moved to Rome |
| Heijo-kyo (Nara) | Japan (Nara period) | 784 | ||
| Kyoto | Japan | 1868 | moved to Tokyo (see also: Capital of Japan debate) | |
| Alma-Atta | Kazakhstan | 1992 | 1993 | renamed Almaty |
| Almaty (Alma-Atta) | Kazakhstan | 1993 | 1998 | moved to Astana |
| Jerusalem | Kingdom of Jerusalem | 1099 | 1187 | moved to Acre (Jerusalem captured by Saladin) |
| Acre | Kingdom of Jerusalem | 1187 | 1291 | Kingdom ceases to exist |
| Kaunas | Lithuania | 1922 | 1940 | moved back to Vilnius |
| Płock; | Masovia | c.1038 | 1047 | Masovia reincorporated into Poland |
| Płock; | Masovia | 1138 | 1313 | moved to Czersk |
| Czersk | Masovia | 1313 | 1413 | moved to Warsaw |
| Warsaw | Masovia | 1413 | 1526 | Masovia reincorporated into Poland |
| Iaşi; | Moldavia | 1862 | unified with Wallachia to form Romania | |
| Cetinje | Montenegro | 1946 | moved to Podgorica | |
| Auckland | New Zealand | 1865 | moved to Wellington | |
| Lagos | Nigeria | 1991 | moved to Abuja | |
| Trondheim | Norway | 997 | 1070 | moved to Bergen |
| Bergen | Norway | 1070 | 1299 | moved to Oslo |
| Oslo | Norway | 1299 | 1624 | renamed Christiania |
| Christiania | Norway | 1624 | 1924 | renamed Oslo |
| Karachi | Pakistan | 1959 | moved to Rawalpindi | |
| Rawalpindi | Pakistan | 1967 | moved to Islamabad | |
| Quezon City | Philippines | 1948 | 1976 | moved to Manila |
| Gniezno | Poland | 10th century | 1038 | moved to Krakow |
| Poznań | Poland | 10th century | 1038 | moved to Kraków |
| Kraków | Poland | 1038 | 1079 | moved to Płock; |
| Płock; | Poland | 1079 | 1138 | moved to Kraków |
| Kraków | Poland | 1138 | 1290 | moved to Poznań |
| Poznań | Poland | 1290 | 1296 | moved to Krakow |
| Kraków | Poland | 1296 | 1596 | moved to Warsaw |
| Paris | France | 1939 | 1940 | Government in exile |
| London | United Kingdom | 1940 | 1990 | Government in exile |
| Lublin | Poland | 1944 | 1945 | de facto capital |
| Łódź | Poland | 1945 | 1947 | de facto capital |
| Guimarăes | Portugal, Kingdom of | 1255 | ||
| Moscow | Russian Empire | 13th century | 1703 | moved to Saint Petersburg |
| Saint Petersburg | Russian empire | 1703 | 1914 | renamed Petrograd |
| Petrograd | Russia | 1914 | 1918 | moved to Moscow |
| Dariyah | Saudi state | 1818 | moved to Riyadh | |
| Tulaghi | Solomon Islands | moved to Honiara | ||
| Saigon | South Vietnam | 1954 | 1975 | Hanoi, country ceased to exist after unification of Vietnam |
| Aden | South Yemen | 1967 | 1990 | San'a, country ceased to exist after unification of Yemen |
| Valladolid | Spain | 1600 | 1606 | moved to Madrid |
| San Sebastián | Spain | 19th century | Summer capital | |
| Columbia, Texas | Republic of Texas | 1836 | 1837 | moved to Houston, Texas |
| Houston, Texas | Republic of Texas | 1837 | 1839 | moved to Austin, Texas |
| Austin, Texas | Republic of Texas | 1839 | 1845 | Texas annexed by United States |
| Cluj | Transylvania | 1918 | Unification with Romania.
| |
| Trenton | United States | 1784 | 1785 | moved to New York |
| New York City | United States | 1785 | 1790 | moved to Philadelphia |
| Philadelphia | United States | 1790 | 1800 | moved to Washington, DC |
| Samarkand | Uzbekistan (SSR) | 1925 | 1930s | moved to Tashkent |
| Bursa | Ottoman empire | 1335 | 1365 | moved to Edirne |
| Edirne | Ottoman empire | 1365 | 1453 | moved to Constantinople (Istanbul) |
| Constantinople | Ottoman empire | 1453 | 1923 | country ceased to exist |
| Port-of-Spain | West Indies Federation | 1958 | 1962 | country ceased to exist |
| Câmpulung | Wallachia | 13th century | 15th century | moved to Târgovişte; |
| Târgovişte; | Wallachia | 1698 | moved to Bucharest | |
| Mérida | Yucatán | 1840 | 1847 | reunited with Mexico
|
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