Higgs boson Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
Higgs bosons are hypothetical elementary particles predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics. These bosons may play a rather fundamental role: they may be the carrier particles of the Higgs field which is thought to permeate the universe and to give mass to other particles. They have not yet been observed. The Higgs field is the same perceived from every direction and is mostly indistinguishable from empty space.A special article is dedicated to the Higgs mechanism, a physical phenomenon that is responsible for the spontaneous breaking of the electroweak symmetry.
The Higgs boson, sometimes called the God particle, was first predicted in the 1960s by the British physicist Peter Higgs. The Higgs mechanism for giving mass to particles was actually first proposed in the context of solid state physics to explain how particle-like structures in metals can act as if they had an effective mass.
The Higgs boson itself has mass. As of 2004, the best estimate for the mass is 117 GeV, and the theoretical upper limit is 251 GeV. Particle accelerators have probed energies up to about 115 GeV, and have recorded a small number of events that could be interpreted as resulting from Higgs bosons, but the evidence so far is inconclusive. It is expected that the Large Hadron Collider, currently under construction at CERN, will be able to confirm the existence of Higgs bosons.
Since the Higgs field is a scalar field, the Higgs boson has spin zero.
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In 1993, the UK Science Minister, William Waldegrave, challenged physicists to produce an answer that would fit on one page to the question "What is the Higgs boson, and why do we want to find it?"