Heinrich Brüning Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
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| Order: | 21st Chancellor of Germany |
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| Term of Office: | March 30, 1930 - October 7, 1931 |
| Predecessor: | Hermann Müller |
| Successor: | Franz von Papen |
| Date of Birth: | November 26, 1885 |
| Date of Death: | March 30, 1970 |
| Political Party: | Catholic Center Party |
| Profession: | economist |
Born in Münster in Westphalia, he studied history, law and national economy at various German universities and the London School of Economics before serving in the army in World War I as a machine gunner, receiving rank as an officer. In 1925 he was elected to the Reichstag, the German Parliament, in which he represented Breslau, and in 1929, he became head of the Centre Party, belonging to its right wing.
Recognized for his financial acumen, he was appointed Chancellor of Germany on March 29, 1930, after the collapse of Social Democrat Hermann Müller's coalition government in an effort to remedy the economic crisis caused by the Great Depression. Within a month, however, his remedy to the dire situation -- increased taxes and severe budget cuts -- had been rejected by the Reichstag and were only implemented in the summer, when President Paul von Hindenburg began ruling by decree based on Article 48 of the Weimar constitution, circumventing Parliament. The measures were unsuccessful, and when negotiations over rearmament failed, Brüning resigned his position as Chancellor on May 30, 1932. He was briefly succeeded by Franz von Papen, a member of his party's own right wing, before Adolf Hitler became Chancellor on January 30, 1933.
Brüning fled Germany in 1934 to escape Hitler's political purges. He settled in the United Kingdom and later the United States, where he taught at Harvard University's School of Business Administration. He returned to Germany in 1952 and, not having been able to continue a political carreer, died in the United States in 1970.
In exile, he wrote "Memoirs 1918 - 1934".
Brünings First Government, March 1930 - October 1931
Changes
Brüning's Second Cabinet, October 1931 - May 1932
Changes
| Preceded by: Hermann Müller | Chancellor of Germany 1930-1932 | Succeeded by: Franz von Papen |
| Preceded by: Julius Curtius | Minister of Foreign Affairs 1931-1932 | Succeeded by: Konstantin von Neurath |
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