Eugene Goldstein Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
Among the important early researchers in X-rays were Sir William Crookes, Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, Eugene Goldstein, Heinrich Hertz, Philipp Lenard, Hermann von Helmholtz, Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, Charles Barkla, and Wilhelm Conrad Ršntgen.
Physicist Johann Hittorf observed tubes with energy rays extending from a
negative electrode. These rays produced a fluorescence when they hit the
glass walls of the tubes. In 1876 the effect was named "cathode rays" by
Eugene Goldstein. Later, English physicist William Crookes investigated the
effects of energy discharges on rare gases. He constructed what is called
the Crookes tube. It is a glass vacuum cylinder, containing electrodes for
discharges of a high voltage electric current. He found, when he places
unexposed photographic plates near the tube, that some of them were flawed
by shadows, though he did not investigate this effect. In 1892, Heinrich
Hertz began experimenting and demonstrated that cathode rays could penetrate
very thin metal foil (such as aluminum). Philip Lenard, a student of
Heinrich Hertz, futher researched this effect. He developed a version of the
cathode tube and studied the penetration of X-rays through various
materials. Philip Lenard, though, did not realize that he was producing X-rays.
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