Eadweard Muybridge Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
Eadweard Muybridge (April 9, 1830–May 8, 1904) was a British-born photographer, known primarily for his early use of multiple cameras to capture motion. Muybridge was born Edward James Muggeridge at Kingston-on-Thames, England.
In 1872, businessman and former California governor Leland Stanford hired Muybridge to settle a question (not a bet, as is popularly believed): Stanford claimed, contrary to popular belief, that there was a point in a horse's gallop when all four hooves were off the ground. By 1878, Muybridge had successfully photographed a horse in fast motion using a series of fifty cameras. Each of the cameras were arranged along a track parallel to the horse's, and each of the camera shutters were controlled by trip wires which were triggered by the horse's hooves. This series of photos, taken at what is now Stanford University, is called The Horse in Motion, and shows that, indeed, the hooves all leave the ground.
The system was a precursor to the development of the motion picture camera; when the photographs were printed onto a zoetrope or other viewing device, realistic motion could be replicated.
Muybridge used this technique many times to photograph people and animals to study their movement. In the 1990s, U2 made the video to their song Lemon into a tribute to Muybridge's techniques.
Similar setups of carefully timed multiple cameras are used in modern special effects photography with the opposite goal: capturing changing camera angles with little or no movement of the subject.
Influenced:
- Étienne-Jules Marey - recorded first series of live action with a single camera
- Thomas Edison - owns patent for motion picture camera
- William Dickson - credited as inventor of motion picture camera
External links
- Chronophotographical Projections
- Exhibit of Muybridge Transcontinental Railroad Stereoviews at the Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum
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