Court Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
- This article is about courts of law. For alternative meanings see: Court (disambiguation).
A
court consists of an official, public
forum which a public power establishes by lawful authority to adjudicate disputes, and to dispense
civil, labour, administrative and
criminal justice under the
law. Some courts may function with a
jury that make decisions about the
facts before the court under the direction of the judge; in other courts, such as appellate courts, judges make all the decisions (though some countries run jury courts in appeal). The extent of a court's power to hear the various matters which come before it—its "
jurisdiction"—may stem from a constitutional provision, from an
Act of Parliament or from an enabling
statute. In most
civil law jurisdictions courts function under an
inquisitorial system. In the
common law system most courts follow the
adversarial system.
Procedural law governs the rules by which courts operate:
civil procedure for private disputes (for example); and
criminal procedure for violation of the
criminal law.
Both unipersonal and pluripersonal courts exist. The various matters which come before a pluripersonal court usually come into the ambit of a particular judge, or of a judicial officer (such as a court commissioner) serving in the capacity of a judge pro tem. Every court has a presiding judge and may have one or more other judges and/or judicial officers assigned to various court departments.
See also
External link
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