Binary Golay code Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description

The binary Golay code is an error-correcting code which encodes 12 bits of data in a 24-bit word in such a way that any triple-bit error can be corrected and any quadruple-bit error can be detected. In mathematical terms, the binary Golay code consists of a 12-dimensional subspace W of the space V=F₂²⁴ of 24-bit words such that any two distinct elements of W differ in at least eight coordinates or, equivalently, such that any non-zero element of W has at least eight non-zero coordinates. The possible sets of non-zero coordinates as w ranges over W are called code words. In the binary Golay code, all code words have order 0, 8, 12, 16, or 24. Up to relabelling coordinates, W is unique.

Constructions

1. Lexicographic code: Order the vectors in V lexicographically (i.e., interpret them as unsigned 24-bit binary integers and take the usual ordering). Starting with w₁ = 0, define w₂, w₃, ..., w₁₂ by the rule that w_n is the smallest integer which differs from all linear combinations of previous elements in at least eight coordinates. Then W can be defined as the span of w₁, ..., w₁₂.
2. Quadratic residue code: Consider the set N of quadratic non-residues (mod 23). This is an 11-element subset of the cyclic group Z/23Z. Consider the translates t+N of this subset. Augment each translate to a 12-element set S_t by adding an element ∞. Then labelling the basis elements of V by 0, 1, 2, ..., 22, ∞, W can be defined as the span of the words S_t together with the word consisting of all basis vectors.

Also see

• Mathieu group

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