1586 Guide, Meaning , Facts, Information and Description
| Years: 1583 1584 1585 - 1586 - 1587 1588 1589 | |
| Decades: 1550s 1560s 1570s - 1580s - 1590s 1600s 1610s | |
| Centuries: 15th century - 16th century - 17th century | |
- November 19 - Henry Barrow, English Puritan and Separatist is imprisoned.
- The reign of Emperor Ogimachi of Japan ends and Emperor Go-Yozei ascends to the throne of Japan.
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi becomes grand minister of Japan.
- William Harrison becomes canon of Windsor.
- Luis Barahona de Soto publishes Primera parte de la Angélica.
- William Camden publishes Britannia.
- Simon Stevin, a Dutch mathematician demonstrates that two objects of different weight fall with the same speed.
- Roanoke, the first English colony in the New World, is founded.
- St. Augustine, Florida, and Santo Domingo in the modern day Dominican Republic are plundered and burned by English sea captain Sir Francis Drake.
- Jacobus Gallus composes his motet O magnum mysterium.
- Caesar Baronius publishes a new edition of Roman martyrology.
- The first HMS Vanguard is launched in England.
- Thomas Cavendish, English explorer, begins his circumnavigation of the globe.
- Johann Valentin Andrea, theologian
- Axel Oxenstierna's half-brother, Gabriel Bengtsson
- Thomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Arundel and Surrey
- Cornelis van Poelenburgh, a Dutch painter of Italian landscapes
- Jacob Revius, poet who also worked also on the new bible translation known as the Statenbijbel
- January 25 - Lucas Cranach the Younger, painter
- March 26 - Joan Naylor, mother of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork
- June 28 - Primoz Trubar, the author of the first printed book in Slovenian
- September 20 - Chidiock Tichborne, English conspirator and poet (executed)
- October 17 - Sir Philip Sidney, English poet, courtier and soldier (killed in battle)
- Sir Anthony Babington, conspirator (executed)
- Stephen Báthory, King of Poland
- Andrea Gabrieli, Italian composer
- Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma
- Joachim Ernest, united the whole of Anhalt under his rule
- Peter Symonds, will established funding for the Peter Symonds College
- Theoleptus II, Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople
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